Research on the methods for calculating the width of the approach channel to the port
Abstract
An approach channel to the port is a very important part of port infrastructure ensuring navigational safety of the ships entering and departing the port. Various methods used for determining the width of the approach channel to the port provide different results. Sometimes, variations are significant and make difficulties in arriving at the correct final decision. The article analyses diverse methods for research on calculating the width of the approach channel to the port. The obtained results have been verified conducting a real experiment involving real ships passing under similar hydro-meteorological conditions. The evaluation of the results and recommendations presented in the article can be used for the optimization and design of approach channels to ports.
Keyword : port, ship, manoeuvrability, navigational safety, approach channel
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
FT. 2016. SimFlex 4. FORCE Technology (FT), Denmark. 120 p.
Grabe, J. (Ed.). 2015. Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures Harbours and Waterways EAU 2012. Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn. 600 p. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783433605172
Groeneveld, R.; Beimers, B.; Vis, F. C. 2003. A simple method to assess nautical risks, in 6th Conference on Coastal and Port Engineering in Developing Countries: COPEDEC VI, 14–19 September 2003, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 125–126.
Gucma, L.; Montewka, J. 2005. Landborne laser rangefinder measurements for navigation safety assessment, European Journal of Navigation 3(4): 1–6.
Lee, C.-K.; Lee, S.-G. 2008. Investigation of ship maneuvering with hydrodynamic effects between ship and bank, Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 22(6): 1230–1236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-008-0309-9
McBride, M. W.; Smallman, J. V.; Huntington, S. W. 1998. Guidelines for design of approach channels, in Ports’98: Conference Proceedings, 8–11 March 1998, Long Beach, CA, US, 1315–1324.
Ohtsu, K.; Yoshimura, Y.; Hirano, M.; Tsugane, M.; Takahashi, H. 2006. Design standard for fairway in next generation, in Asia Navigation Conference 2006, 20–21 October 2006, Jeju, Korea, 230–239.
OpenSeaMap. 2018. OpenSeaMap – the Free Nautical Chart. Available from Internet: http://www.openseamap.org/index.php?id=openseamap&L=1
Paulauskas, V. 2006. Navigational risk assessment of ships, Transport (21)1: 12–18. https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2006.9638034
Paulauskas, V. 2013. Ships Entering the Port: Monograph. Riga: N.I.M.S. 240 p.
Paulauskas, V.; Paulauskas, D. 2009. Laivo valdymas uoste. Klaipėda: Klaipėdos universiteto leidykla. 256 p. (in Lithuanian).
PIANC. 2014. Harbour Approach Channels Design Guidelines. PIANC Report No 121. Permanent International Association of Navigational Congresses (PIANC). 320 p.
Puertos del Estado. 1999. ROM 3.1-99: Recommendation for Design of the Maritime Configuration of Ports, Approach Channels and Harbour Basins. Puertos del Estado [Ports of the State], Madrid, Spain. 382 p. Available from Internet: http://www.puertos.es/eu-es/BibliotecaV2/ROM%203.1-99%20(EN).pdf
Zalewski, P.; Montewka, J. 2007. Navigation safety assessment in an entrance channel, based on real experiments, in Proceedings of the 12th International Congress of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean (IMAM 2007), 2–6 September 2007, Varna, Bulgaria, 1113–1120.