Numerical simulation of the blast-resistant response of ultrahigh-performance concrete structural members
Abstract
This paper presents the blast responses of ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) structural members obtained using finite element (FE) modelling. The FE model was developed using LS-DYNA with an explicit solver. In the FE simulation, the concrete damage model, which is a plasticity-based constitutive material model, was employed for the concrete material. The simulation results were verified against previous experimental results available in the literature and were shown to be in good agreement with the experimental results. In addition, the developed FE model was implemented in a parametric study by varying the blast weight charges. The numerical results for UHPC members were compared with those for conventional reinforced concrete (RC) members. The numerical responses, such as the maximum deflections, deflected shapes, and damage patterns, of the UHPC members subjected to blast loading were significantly better performance than those of the RC members as a result of the high strength and ductile capacity of UHPC.
Keyword : finite element modelling, blast simulation, UHPC member, structural behaviour, concrete structure, static and blast loading
How to Cite
Yin, H., Shirai, K., & Teo, W. (2019). Numerical simulation of the blast-resistant response of ultrahigh-performance concrete structural members. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 25(6), 587-598. https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2019.10375
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Yin, H., Shirai, K., & Teo, W. (2018). Prediction of shear capacity of UHPC–concrete composite structural members based on existing codes. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 24(8), 607-618. https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2018.6484
Yin, H., Shirai, K., & Teo, W. (2019a). Finite element modelling to predict the flexural behaviour of ultra-high performance concrete members. Engineering Structures, 183, 741-755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.01.046
Yin, H., Shirai, K., & Teo, W. (2019b). Numerical model for predicting the structural response of composite UHPC–concrete members considering the bond strength at the interface. Composite Structures, 215, 185-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.02.040
Yin, H., Teo, W., & Shirai, K. (2017). Experimental investigation on the behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with ultra-high performance concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 155, 463-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.077
CEB-FIP Model Code. (1990). Design code. Comite Euro-International du Beton.
Chen, W., Hao, H., & Chen, S. (2015). Numerical analysis of prestressed reinforced concrete beam subjected to blast loading. Materials & Design, 65, 662−674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.09.033
Hallquist, J. O. (2016). LS-DYNA keyword users’ manual (Vol. 2, version R8.0). Livermore Software Technology Corporation, Livermore, CA.
Li, J., & Hao, H. (2014). Numerical study of concrete spall damage to blast loads. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 68, 41-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2014.02.001
Li, J., & Zhang, Y. (2011). Evolution and calibration of a numerical model for modelling of hybrid-fibre ECC panels under high-velocity impact. Composite Structures, 93(11), 2714-2722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.05.033
Li, J., Wu, C., Hao, H., & Su, Y. (2015). Investigation of ultra-high performance concrete under static and blast loads. International Journal of Protective Structures, 6(2), 217-235. https://doi.org/10.1260/2041-4196.6.2.217
Li, J., Wu, C., Hao, H., & Su, Y. (2017). Experimental and numerical study on steel wire mesh reinforced concrete slab under contact explosion. Materials & Design, 116, 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.11.098
Li, J., Wu, C., Hao, H., Wang, Z., & Su, Y. (2016). Experimental investigation of ultra-high performance concrete slabs under contact explosions. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 93, 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2016.02.007
Lin, X., Zhang, Y., & Hazell, P. J. (2014). Modelling the response of reinforced concrete panels under blast loading. Materials & Design, 56, 620-628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.11.069
Magallanes, J. M., Wu, Y., Malvar, L. J., & Crawford, J. E. (2010). Recent improvements to release III of the K&C concrete model. In 11th International LS-DYNA Users Conference (pp. 3-37-3-48). Livermore Software Technology Corporation, Livermore, CA.
Malvar, L. J., Crawford, J. E., Wesevich, J. W., & Simons, D. (1997). A plasticity concrete material model for DYNA3D. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 19(9), 847-873. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0734-743X(97)00023-7
Mao, L., Barnett, S. J., Tyas, A., Warren, J., Schleyer, G., & Zaini, S. (2015). Response of small scale ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete slabs to blast loading. Construction and Building Materials, 93, 822-830. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.085
Mao, L., Barnett, S., Begg, D., Schleyer, G., & Wight, G. (2014). Numerical simulation of ultra high performance fibre reinforced concrete panel subjected to blast loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 64, 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2013.10.003
Mays, G., & Smith, P. D. (1995). Blast effects on buildings: Design of buildings to optimize resistance to blast loading. Thomas Telford.
Millard, S. G., Molyneaux, T. C. K., Barnett, S. J., & Gao, X. (2010). Dynamic enhancement of blast-resistant ultra high performance fibre-reinforced concrete under flexural and shear loading. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 37(4), 405-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2009.09.004
Mills, C. (1987). The design of concrete structure to resist explosions and weapon effects. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Concrete for Hazard Protection (pp. 61-73).
Ngo, T., Mendis, P., & Krauthammer, T. (2007). Behavior of ultrahigh-strength prestressed concrete panels subjected to blast loading. Journal of Structural Engineering, 113(11), 1582-1590. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:11(1582)
Othman, H., Marzouk, H., & Sherif, M. (2019). Effects of variations in compressive strength and fibre content on dynamic properties of ultra-high performance fibre-reinforced concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 195, 547-556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.093
Pyo, S., El-Tawil, S., & Naaman, A. E. (2016). Direct tensile behavior of ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) at high strain rates. Cement and Concrete Research, 88, 144-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.07.003
Richard, P., & Cheyrezy, M. (1995). Composition of reactive powder concretes. Cement and Concrete Research, 25(7), 1501-1511. https://doi.org/10.1016/0008-8846(95)00144-2
Teng, T. L., Chu, Y. A., Chang, F. A., Shen, B. C., & Cheng, D. S. (2008). Development and validation of numerical model of steel fiber reinforced concrete for high-velocity impact. Computational Materials Science, 42(1), 90-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2007.06.013
Thomas, R. J., & Sorensen, A. D. (2017). Review of strain rate effects for UHPC in tension. Construction and Building Materials, 153, 846-856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.168
UFC 3-340-02. (2008). Structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions. US DoD, Washington, DC, USA. Retrieved from https://www.wbdg.org/FFC/DOD/UFC/ARCHIVES/ufc_3_340_02.pdf
US Department of the Army. (1990). Structures to resist the effects of accidental explosions (Technical manual TM5-1300, NAVFAC P-397, AFR 88-22). Retrieved from https://www.wbdg.org/FFC/ARMYCOE/COETM/ARCHIVES/tm_5_1300_1990.pdf
Wang, Z., Wu, J., & Wang, J. (2010). Experimental and numerical analysis on effect of fibre aspect ratio on mechanical properties of SRFC. Construction and Building Materials, 24(4), 559-565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.09.009
Wille, K., Naaman, A. E., & Parra-Montesinos, G. J. (2011). Ultra-high performance concrete with compressive strength exceeding 150 MPa (22 ksi): a simpler way. ACI Materials Journal, 108(1), 46-54. https://doi.org/10.14359/51664215
Wu, C., Oehlers, D., Rebentrost, M., Leach, J., & Whittaker, A. (2009). Blast testing of ultra-high performance fibre and FRP-retrofitted concrete slabs. Engineering Structures, 31(9), 2060-2069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.03.020
Yi, N. H., Kim, J. H. J., Han, T. S., Cho, Y. G., & Lee, J. H. (2012). Blast-resistant characteristics of ultra-high strength concrete and reactive powder concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 28(1), 694-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.09.014
Yin, H., Shirai, K., & Teo, W. (2018). Prediction of shear capacity of UHPC–concrete composite structural members based on existing codes. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 24(8), 607-618. https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2018.6484
Yin, H., Shirai, K., & Teo, W. (2019a). Finite element modelling to predict the flexural behaviour of ultra-high performance concrete members. Engineering Structures, 183, 741-755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.01.046
Yin, H., Shirai, K., & Teo, W. (2019b). Numerical model for predicting the structural response of composite UHPC–concrete members considering the bond strength at the interface. Composite Structures, 215, 185-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.02.040
Yin, H., Teo, W., & Shirai, K. (2017). Experimental investigation on the behaviour of reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with ultra-high performance concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 155, 463-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.077