The planning and design of Kampong Pakuncen in Yogyakarta based on the green concept
Abstract
This study aims to determine the green concept of a slum “kampong” with the green concept and carbon footprint approach based on daily activities, building materials and fuel consumption as well as to deliver the concept of renewable energy. The carbon footprint is the measure of total amount of carbon dioxide gas emissions directly or indirectly caused by daily main activities and accumulation of products used daily. It is the case study of Kampong Gampingan-Pakuncen, Yogyakarta. This kampong is known as a densely populated kampong located in the city centre not far from Malioboro, the centre of commercial and business districts in Yogyakarta City. The employed methods were the quantitative-comparative method between carbon footprint of existing and planning condition and the quantitative approach of renewable energy. The results showed that the carbon dioxide concentration of Kampong Pakuncen in the existing condition is 1,712.767 tonnes CO2/month while the total amount of carbon dioxide concentration of the design is 1,293.785 tonnes CO2/month, hence 24.462% carbon dioxide concentration reduction. To save energy consumption in daily activities, it is proposed that water wheel as micro-hydro power should be used for electricity.
Keyword : carbon dioxide concentration, slum, city kampong, sustainable, renewable energy, comparative method
How to Cite
Setyowati, E., Pribadi, S. B., Aidon Uda, S. A. K., Debby, T. R., & Harsritanto, B. I. R. (2019). The planning and design of Kampong Pakuncen in Yogyakarta based on the green concept. Journal of Architecture and Urbanism, 43(1), 21-35. https://doi.org/10.3846/jau.2019.6123
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Astuti, D. W. (2009). Sustainable slum upgrading in urban Asia. CIB Working Commission W110: Informal Settlements and Affordable Housing, 644.
Benger, S. N. (2014). Towards low carbon city planning in a medium sized low density City. Energy Procedia, 61, 838-841. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.11.977
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Harjoko, T. Y. (2009). Urban acupuncture: An alternative purposive intervention to urban development to generate sustainable positive ripples for “aided self-help” Kampung Improvement. Informal Settlements and Affordable Housing, 163-172.
Jain, A. K. (2009). Low carbon city: Policy, planning and practice. A. K. Jain (Ed.) (1st ed.). New Delhi: Discovery Publishing House PVT.LTD.
Jenssen, T., König, A., & Eltrop, L. (2014). Bioenergy villages in Germany: Bringing a low carbon energy supply for rural areas into practice. Renewable Energy, 61, 74-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2012.08.014
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Mapes, J., & Wolch, J. (2011). “Living green”: The promise and pitfalls of new sustainable communities. Journal of Urban Design, 16(1), 105-126. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2011.521012
Ministry of Public Works and People Housing. (2016a). Peningkatan Kualitas Terhadap Perumahan Kumuh dan Permukiman Kumuh [Quality Improvement of Slum Housing and Settlements], Pub. L. No. 02/PRT/M/2016, 1. Indonesia: Ministry of Public Work and People Housing. Retrieved from http://jdih.pu.go.id/produk-hukum-detail.html?id=2210
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Moriarty, P., & Wang, S. J. (2014). Low-carbon cities: Lifestyle changes are necessary. Energy Procedia, 61, 2289-2292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.12.439
Mulugetta, Y., & Urban, F. (2010). Deliberating on low carbon development. Energy Policy, 38(12), 7546-7549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.05.049
Rolfes, M. (2010). Poverty tourism: theoretical reflections and empirical findings regarding an extraordinary form of tourism, 421-442. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-009-9311-8
Ruan, Y., Cao, J., Feng, F., & Li, Z. (2017). The role of occupant behavior in low carbon oriented residential community planning: A case study in Qingdao. Energy and Buildings, 139, 385-394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.01.049
Sankhe, S., Vittal, I., Dobbs, R., Mohan, A., Gulati, A., Ablett, J., &… McKinsey. (2010). India’s urban awakening: Building inclusive cities, sustaining economic growth. McKinsey Quarterly, (April), 1-33.
Seo, S., & Hwang, Y. (2001). Estimation of Co2 Emissions in life cycle of residential buildings. Journal f Construction Engineering and Management, 127(October), 414-418. https://doi.org/10.2507/daaam.scibook.2012.30
Setyowati, E., & Pandelaki, E. E. (2018). The concept of sustainable prefab modular housing made of natural fiber reinforced polymer (NFRP). IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 316(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/316/1/012004
Shidan, C., & Qian, S. (2011). “Urban Acupuncture” strategy in the urban renewal. In IEEE (p. 5).
Smith, C., Clayden, A., & Dunnett, N. (2009). An exploration of the effect of housing unit density on aspects of residential landscape sustainability in England. Journal of Urban Design, 14(2), 163-187. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574800802670978
Standardization, T. I. N. SNI 03-7065-2005 Plumbing System Planning Procedure, Pub. L. No. SNI 03-7065-2005, 1 (2005). Indonesia: BSN.
Su, M. R., Chen, B., Xing, T., Chen, C., & Yang, Z. F. (2012). Development of low-carbon city in China: Where will it go? Procedia Environmental Sciences, 13(2011), 1143-1148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.107
Sudjono, P., & Yudhi, C. O. (2011). Estimation of Co2 emission from development of various sizes of low-cost house. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan, 17(2), 98-109. https://doi.org/10.5614/jtl.2011.17.2.10
Sugranyes, A., & Mathivet, C. (2010). Cities for all: Proposals and experiences towards the right to the city. Habitat International Coalition (1st ed.). Santiago, Chile, Habitat International Coalition, HIC.
Tan, S., Yang, J., & Yan, J. (2015). Development of the Low-carbon City Indicator (LCCI) Framework. Energy Procedia, 75(Lcci), 2516-2522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.253
The Indonesian government. (2007). Community Agency Administration Guidelines (2007). Republic of Indonesia. Retrieved from http://hukum.unsrat.ac.id/men/mendagri2007_5.pdf
The Indonesian government. (2015). Amendment to Government Regulation Number 43 of 2014 Concerning Implementation of Law Number 6 of 2014 Regarding The Village, Pub. L. No. 47 of 2015, 35 (2015). Republic of Indonesia. Retrieved from http://www.keuangandesa.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/PP-No.-43-Tahun-2014-beserta-PP-No.-47-Tahun-2015-ten-tang-Peraturan-Pelaksanaan-UU-Desa.pdf
The Shack Dwellers Federation Of Namibia. (2009). Community Land Information Program (Clip) Profile Of Informal Settlements In Namibia March 2009. Program, (March). Retrieved from http://www.citiesalliance.org/ca/sites/citiesalliance.org/files/CA_Docs/resources/NamibiaCLIP092.pdf
Walsh, T. M., Xiong, Z., & Sheng, Y. (2012). Singapore Modules – Optimised PV Modules for the Tropics. Energy Procedia, 15, 388-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.02.047
Webb, J., Hawkey, D., & Tingey, M. (2016). Governing cities for sustainable energy: The UK case. Cities, 54, 28-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2015.10.014
Widhianthini, W. (2017). A dynamic model for sustainable tourism village planning based on local institutions. Journal of Regional and City Planning, 28(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.5614/jrcp.2017.28.1.1
Williams, J. (2016). Can low carbon city experiments transform the development regime? Futures, 77, 80-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2016.02.003
Xie, Z., Gao, X., He, J., & Feng, C. (2016). Evaluating rural low-carbon communities: A study of Guangdong Province, China. Energy and Buildings, 133, 777-789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.10.042