The effect of leader trust and knowledge sharing on staff satisfaction at work: investigation of universities in Syria
Abstract
This research paper examines the effect of leader trust, organisational trust and knowledge sharing on staff attitudes and satisfaction at work at universities in Syria. The research methodology employs a quantitative design of questionnaire instrument. The model predicts that if employees develop high levels of trust in their leader and organizations, this will stimulate a good quality relationship and develop satisfaction at work. Leader trust, Knowledge sharing behaviour and job satisfaction subscales are based on prior research measures. Sampling strategy employed non-probability sampling. The size of the sample is 161. The results of the research designate that trust in leader and knowledge sharing behaviours are positively associated with employee job satisfaction.
Keyword : leader trust, knowledge sharing behaviour, job satisfaction, higher education sector, Syria
How to Cite
Dalati, S., & Alchach, H. (2018). The effect of leader trust and knowledge sharing on staff satisfaction at work: investigation of universities in Syria. Business, Management and Economics Engineering, 16, 190-205. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2018.2852
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Aggarwal, S., Gupta, A., Govindan, J., & Meidute, I. (2014). Effect of repeat purchase and dynamic market size on diffusion of an innovative technological consumer product in a segmented market. Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 20(1), 97-115. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2014.885914
Akhavan, P., Rahimi, A., & Mehralian, G. (2013). Developing a model for knowledge sharing in research centers. Vine, 43(3), 357-393. https://doi.org/10.1108/VINE-06-2012-0020
Alves, H., & Raposo, M. (2009). The measurement of the construct satisfaction in higher education. Service Industries Journal, 29(2), 203-218. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060802294995
Bigliardi, B., Ivo Dormio, A., Galati, F., & Schiuma, G. (2012). The impact of organizational culture on the job satisfaction of knowledge workers. Vine, 42(1), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1108/03055721211207752
Bolliger, D. U., & Wasilik, O. (2009). Factors influencing faculty satisfaction with online teaching and learning in higher education. Distance Education, 30(1), 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587910902845949
Bontis, N., Richards, D., & Serenko, A. (2011). Improving service delivery: investigating the role of information sharing, job characteristics, and employee satisfaction. The Learning Organization, 18(3), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1108/09696471111123289
Burinskienė, A. (2015). Optimising forklift activities in wide-aisle reference warehouse. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 14(4), 621-632. https://doi.org/10.2507/IJSIMM14(4)5.312
Casimir, G., Lee, K., & Loon, M. (2012). Knowledge sharing: influences of trust, commitment and cost’. Journal of Knowledge Management, 16(5), 740-753. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673271211262781
Chen, S. H., Yang, C. C., Shiau, J. Y., & Wang, H. H. (2006). The development of an employee satisfaction model for higher education. The TQM Magazine, 18(5), 484-500. https://doi.org/10.1108/09544780610685467
Chen, S.-H., et al. (2006). The development of an employee satisfaction model for higher education. The TQM Magazine, 18(5), 484-500. https://doi.org/10.1108/09544780610685467
Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfilment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53(1977), 39-52.
Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods (12th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.Cummings, J. (2003). Knowledge sharing: a review of the literature, enhancing development effectiveness through excellence and independence in evaluation. The world bank operations evaluation department.
Cummings, L. L., & Bromiley, P. (1996). The organizational trust inventory OTI: Development and validation. In R. Kramer, & T. Tyler, Trust in organizations: frontiers in theory and research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Cumming, T. G., & Worley, C. G. (2009). Organisation development and change (9th ed.). Mason: Cengage Learning.
Dalati, S. (2014). Universal leadership across social culture: theoretical framework, design and measure-ment. In Wellesley: Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited Reading (pp. 59-86).
Dalati, S., Eddin, S., & Hamwi, A. (2016). Sustainable development in higher education through service quality and price fairness: empirical evidence from private universities in Damascus, Syria. The International Journal Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 4(1).
Dalati, S., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Davidavičienė, V. (2017). Sustainable leadership, organizational trust on job satisfaction: empirical evidence from higher education institutions in Syria. Business, Management and Education, 15(1), 14-27. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2017.360
Davidavičienė, V., Pabedinskaite, A., & Davidavicius, S. (2017). Social networks in B2B and B2C communication. Transformations in Business and Economics, 16(1), 69-84.
Locke, E. A. (1970). Job satisfaction and job performance: a theoretical analysis. Organisational Behavior and Human Performance, 5, 484-500. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(70)90036-X
Ellonen, R., Blomqvist, K., & Puumalainen, K. (2008). The role of trust in organisational innovativeness. European Journal of Innovation Management, 11(2), 160-181. https://doi.org/10.1108/14601060810869848
Entwistle, V. A., & Quick, O. (2006). Trust in the context of patient safety problems. Journal of health organization and management, 20(5), 397-416. https://doi.org/10.1108/14777260610701786
Ferreira, F., Ferreira, J., Fernandes, C., Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, I., & Jalali, M. S. (2017). Enhancing knowledge and strategic planning of bank customer loyalty using fuzzy cognitive maps. Technological & Economic Development of Economy, 23(6), 860-876. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1213200
Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using R by Andy Field, Jeremy Miles, Zoë Field. International Statistical Review.
Han, G. H. (2010). Trust and career satisfaction: the role of LMX’. Career Development International, 15(5), 437-458. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011075321
Holten, A., Hancock, G., Persson, R., Hanson, A., & Hogh, A. (2016). Knowledge hoarding: antecedent or consequent of negative acts? The mediating role of trust and justice. Journal of Knowledge Management, 20(2), 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-06-2015-0222
Hsu-Hsin, C., Tzu-Shian, H., & Ju-Sung, C. (2011). The relationship between high-commitment HRM and knowledge-sharing behavior and its mediators. International Journal of Manpower, 32(5/6), 604-622. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437721111158224
Ismail, N. (2012). Organizational commitment and job satisfaction among staff of higher learning education institutions in Kelantan (Master thesis) (pp. 1-75).
Jia, P., Mahdiraji, H., A., Kannan, G., & Meidutė, I. (2013). Leadership selection in an unlimited three-echelon supply chain’. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 14(3), 616-637. https://doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2012.761648
Joseph, E. E., & Winston, B. E. (2005). A correlation of servant leadership, leader trust, and organizational trust. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(1), 6-22. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730510575552
Raudeliūnienė, J., & Davidavičienė, V., Jakubavičius, A. (2018). Knowledge management process model. Technical Research Centre of Finland, 5(3), 455.
Kimpah, J., Ibrahim, H. I., & Raudeliuniene, J. (2017). The role of psychological empowerment as the moderator between developmental experience and perceived organizational support. Advanced Science Letters, 23(1), 333-336. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.7175
Locke, E. A. (1969). What is job satisfaction?. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4(4), 309-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(69)90013-0
Mačiulis, A., Tvaronavičienė, M., Lankauskienė, T., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Dzemyda, I. (2015). Energy security and sustainable competitiveness of industry development. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 28(1), 502-515. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2015.1082435
Malik, M. S., & Kanwal, M. (2018). Impacts of organizational knowledge sharing practices on employees’ job satisfaction. Journal of Workplace Learning, 30(1), 2-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-05-2016-0044
Martins, H., Proenca, T. (2012). Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire – psychometric properties and validation in a population of Portuguese hospital workers. Economics and Management, 471(October), 1-20.
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 709-734. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080335
McLeary, C. N., & Cruise, P. A. (2015). A context-specific model of organizational trust. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 22(2), 297-320. https://doi.org/10.1108/CCM-11-2013-0180
Merkevičius, J., Davidavičienė, V., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Buleca, J. (2015). Virtual organization: specifics of creation of personnel management system. E a M: Ekonomie a Management, 18(4), 200-211. https://doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2015-4-014
Morris, D., Yaacob, A., & Wood, G. (2004). Attitudes towards pay and promotion in the Malaysian higher educational sector. Employee Relations, 26(2), 137-150. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450410511052
Nyhan, R. C., & Marlowe, H. A. (1997). Development and psychometric properties of the organizational trust inventory. Evaluation Review, 21(5), 614-635. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841X9702100505
Oshagbemi, T. (1997). Job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in higher education. Education + Training, 39(9), 354-359. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400919710192395
Pangil, F., & Moi Chan, J. (2014). The mediating effect of knowledge sharing on the relationship between trust and virtual team effectiveness. Journal of Knowledge Management, 18(1), 92-106. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-09-2013-0341
Raudeliūnienė, J., Davidavičienė, V., Tvaronavičienė, M., & Jonuška, L. (2018). Evaluation of advertising campaigns on social media networks. Sustainability, 10(4), 973. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10040973
Raudeliūnienė, J., & Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, I. (2016). Editorial: special issue on knowledge management: theory and practice in SMEs’. International Journal of Learning and Change, 8(3/4), 193-197. Retrieved from http://www.inderscience.com/editorials/f121171346892510.pdf
Raudeliūnienė, J., & Davidavičius, S. (2017). A conceptual model of assessment of knowledge transfer to consumer’. Business, Management and Education, 15(2), 174-195. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2017.387
Raudeliūnienė, J., Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, I., & Vileikis, K. (2016). Evaluation of factors determining the efficiency of knowledge sharing process in the Lithuanian National Defence System. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 7(4), 842-857. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-015-0257-4
Rousseau, D. M., et al. (1998). Not so different after all: a cross discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 393-404. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926617
Rutkauskas, A. V., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Račinskaja, I. (2014). Integral knowledge, innovation and technology cluster formation nurturing the universal development sustainability in the context of globalization. Economics and Sociology, 7(4), 41-58. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2014/7-4/3
Saner, T., & Eyüpoğlu, Ş. Z. (2012). The age and job satisfaction relationship in higher education. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 55, 1020-1026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.593
Shockley-Zalabak, P. S., & Morreale, S. P. (2011). Building high-trust organizations. Leader to Leader, 2011(60), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/ltl.467
Skačkauskienė, I., Vilkaitė-Vaitonė, N., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Davidavičienė, V. (2016). A model for measuring passenger loyalty. Transport, 31(1), 100-107. https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2015.1094748
Sohail, M., & Daud, S. (2009). Knowledge sharing in higher education institutions perspectives from Malaysia. VINE, 39(2), 125-142. https://doi.org/10.1108/03055720910988841
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: application, assessment, causes, and consequences. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publication.
Stringer, C., Didham, J., & Theivananthampillai, P. (2011). Motivation, pay satisfaction, and job satisfaction of front-line employees. Qualitative Research in Accounting and Management, 8(2), 161-179. https://doi.org/10.1108/11766091111137564
Teh, P. (2012). Knowledge sharing, job attitudes and organisational citizenship behaviour. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 112(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571211193644
Tekingündüz, S., Tengilimoğlu, M., & Karabulut, D. E. (2017). Effect of organisational trust, job satisfaction, individual variables on the organisational commitment in healthcare services. Total Quality Management and Business Excellence, 28(5-6), 522-541. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2015.1099428
Tietjen, M., & Myers, R. M. (1998). Motivation and job satisfaction motivation and job satisfaction. Management Decision, 36(4), 226-231. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749810211027
Trivellas, P., & Dargenidou, D. (2009). Organisational culture, job satisfaction and higher education service quality. The TQM Journal, 21(4), 382-399. https://doi.org/10.1108/17542730910965083
Tsai, Y. (2011). Relationship between organizational culture, leadership behavior and job satisfaction. BMC health services research. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-11-98
Vanhala, M., & Ritala, P. (2016). HRM practices, impersonal trust and organizational innovativeness. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31(1), 95-109. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-03-2013-0084
Wang, S., & Noe, R. A. (2010). Knowledge sharing: a review and directions for future research. Human Resource Management Review, 20(2), 115-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.10.001
Warr, P. (1990). The measurement of well-being and other aspects of mental health. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(3), 193-210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00521.x
Warr, P., Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1979). Scales for the measurement of some work attitudes and aspects of psychological well‐being. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 52(2), 129-148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1979.tb00448.x
Wickramasinghe, V., & Widyaratne, R. (2012). Effects of interpersonal trust, team leader support, rewards, and knowledge sharing mechanisms on knowledge sharing in project teams. Vine, 42(2), 214-236. https://doi.org/10.1108/03055721211227255
Zárraga, C., & Bonache, J. (2003). Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing: an empirical analysis. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14(7), 1227-1245. https://doi.org/10.1080/0958519032000114282
Zikmund, G., Carr, J. C., Griffin, M., & Babin, B. J. (2013). Business research methods (9th ed.). New York: Cengage Learning.
Akhavan, P., Rahimi, A., & Mehralian, G. (2013). Developing a model for knowledge sharing in research centers. Vine, 43(3), 357-393. https://doi.org/10.1108/VINE-06-2012-0020
Alves, H., & Raposo, M. (2009). The measurement of the construct satisfaction in higher education. Service Industries Journal, 29(2), 203-218. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060802294995
Bigliardi, B., Ivo Dormio, A., Galati, F., & Schiuma, G. (2012). The impact of organizational culture on the job satisfaction of knowledge workers. Vine, 42(1), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1108/03055721211207752
Bolliger, D. U., & Wasilik, O. (2009). Factors influencing faculty satisfaction with online teaching and learning in higher education. Distance Education, 30(1), 103-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587910902845949
Bontis, N., Richards, D., & Serenko, A. (2011). Improving service delivery: investigating the role of information sharing, job characteristics, and employee satisfaction. The Learning Organization, 18(3), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1108/09696471111123289
Burinskienė, A. (2015). Optimising forklift activities in wide-aisle reference warehouse. International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 14(4), 621-632. https://doi.org/10.2507/IJSIMM14(4)5.312
Casimir, G., Lee, K., & Loon, M. (2012). Knowledge sharing: influences of trust, commitment and cost’. Journal of Knowledge Management, 16(5), 740-753. https://doi.org/10.1108/13673271211262781
Chen, S. H., Yang, C. C., Shiau, J. Y., & Wang, H. H. (2006). The development of an employee satisfaction model for higher education. The TQM Magazine, 18(5), 484-500. https://doi.org/10.1108/09544780610685467
Chen, S.-H., et al. (2006). The development of an employee satisfaction model for higher education. The TQM Magazine, 18(5), 484-500. https://doi.org/10.1108/09544780610685467
Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfilment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53(1977), 39-52.
Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods (12th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.Cummings, J. (2003). Knowledge sharing: a review of the literature, enhancing development effectiveness through excellence and independence in evaluation. The world bank operations evaluation department.
Cummings, L. L., & Bromiley, P. (1996). The organizational trust inventory OTI: Development and validation. In R. Kramer, & T. Tyler, Trust in organizations: frontiers in theory and research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Cumming, T. G., & Worley, C. G. (2009). Organisation development and change (9th ed.). Mason: Cengage Learning.
Dalati, S. (2014). Universal leadership across social culture: theoretical framework, design and measure-ment. In Wellesley: Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited Reading (pp. 59-86).
Dalati, S., Eddin, S., & Hamwi, A. (2016). Sustainable development in higher education through service quality and price fairness: empirical evidence from private universities in Damascus, Syria. The International Journal Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 4(1).
Dalati, S., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Davidavičienė, V. (2017). Sustainable leadership, organizational trust on job satisfaction: empirical evidence from higher education institutions in Syria. Business, Management and Education, 15(1), 14-27. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2017.360
Davidavičienė, V., Pabedinskaite, A., & Davidavicius, S. (2017). Social networks in B2B and B2C communication. Transformations in Business and Economics, 16(1), 69-84.
Locke, E. A. (1970). Job satisfaction and job performance: a theoretical analysis. Organisational Behavior and Human Performance, 5, 484-500. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(70)90036-X
Ellonen, R., Blomqvist, K., & Puumalainen, K. (2008). The role of trust in organisational innovativeness. European Journal of Innovation Management, 11(2), 160-181. https://doi.org/10.1108/14601060810869848
Entwistle, V. A., & Quick, O. (2006). Trust in the context of patient safety problems. Journal of health organization and management, 20(5), 397-416. https://doi.org/10.1108/14777260610701786
Ferreira, F., Ferreira, J., Fernandes, C., Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, I., & Jalali, M. S. (2017). Enhancing knowledge and strategic planning of bank customer loyalty using fuzzy cognitive maps. Technological & Economic Development of Economy, 23(6), 860-876. https://doi.org/10.3846/20294913.2016.1213200
Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using R by Andy Field, Jeremy Miles, Zoë Field. International Statistical Review.
Han, G. H. (2010). Trust and career satisfaction: the role of LMX’. Career Development International, 15(5), 437-458. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011075321
Holten, A., Hancock, G., Persson, R., Hanson, A., & Hogh, A. (2016). Knowledge hoarding: antecedent or consequent of negative acts? The mediating role of trust and justice. Journal of Knowledge Management, 20(2), 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-06-2015-0222
Hsu-Hsin, C., Tzu-Shian, H., & Ju-Sung, C. (2011). The relationship between high-commitment HRM and knowledge-sharing behavior and its mediators. International Journal of Manpower, 32(5/6), 604-622. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437721111158224
Ismail, N. (2012). Organizational commitment and job satisfaction among staff of higher learning education institutions in Kelantan (Master thesis) (pp. 1-75).
Jia, P., Mahdiraji, H., A., Kannan, G., & Meidutė, I. (2013). Leadership selection in an unlimited three-echelon supply chain’. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 14(3), 616-637. https://doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2012.761648
Joseph, E. E., & Winston, B. E. (2005). A correlation of servant leadership, leader trust, and organizational trust. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(1), 6-22. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730510575552
Raudeliūnienė, J., & Davidavičienė, V., Jakubavičius, A. (2018). Knowledge management process model. Technical Research Centre of Finland, 5(3), 455.
Kimpah, J., Ibrahim, H. I., & Raudeliuniene, J. (2017). The role of psychological empowerment as the moderator between developmental experience and perceived organizational support. Advanced Science Letters, 23(1), 333-336. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.7175
Locke, E. A. (1969). What is job satisfaction?. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 4(4), 309-336. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(69)90013-0
Mačiulis, A., Tvaronavičienė, M., Lankauskienė, T., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Dzemyda, I. (2015). Energy security and sustainable competitiveness of industry development. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 28(1), 502-515. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2015.1082435
Malik, M. S., & Kanwal, M. (2018). Impacts of organizational knowledge sharing practices on employees’ job satisfaction. Journal of Workplace Learning, 30(1), 2-17. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-05-2016-0044
Martins, H., Proenca, T. (2012). Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire – psychometric properties and validation in a population of Portuguese hospital workers. Economics and Management, 471(October), 1-20.
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 709-734. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080335
McLeary, C. N., & Cruise, P. A. (2015). A context-specific model of organizational trust. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 22(2), 297-320. https://doi.org/10.1108/CCM-11-2013-0180
Merkevičius, J., Davidavičienė, V., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Buleca, J. (2015). Virtual organization: specifics of creation of personnel management system. E a M: Ekonomie a Management, 18(4), 200-211. https://doi.org/10.15240/tul/001/2015-4-014
Morris, D., Yaacob, A., & Wood, G. (2004). Attitudes towards pay and promotion in the Malaysian higher educational sector. Employee Relations, 26(2), 137-150. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450410511052
Nyhan, R. C., & Marlowe, H. A. (1997). Development and psychometric properties of the organizational trust inventory. Evaluation Review, 21(5), 614-635. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193841X9702100505
Oshagbemi, T. (1997). Job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in higher education. Education + Training, 39(9), 354-359. https://doi.org/10.1108/00400919710192395
Pangil, F., & Moi Chan, J. (2014). The mediating effect of knowledge sharing on the relationship between trust and virtual team effectiveness. Journal of Knowledge Management, 18(1), 92-106. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-09-2013-0341
Raudeliūnienė, J., Davidavičienė, V., Tvaronavičienė, M., & Jonuška, L. (2018). Evaluation of advertising campaigns on social media networks. Sustainability, 10(4), 973. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10040973
Raudeliūnienė, J., & Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, I. (2016). Editorial: special issue on knowledge management: theory and practice in SMEs’. International Journal of Learning and Change, 8(3/4), 193-197. Retrieved from http://www.inderscience.com/editorials/f121171346892510.pdf
Raudeliūnienė, J., & Davidavičius, S. (2017). A conceptual model of assessment of knowledge transfer to consumer’. Business, Management and Education, 15(2), 174-195. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2017.387
Raudeliūnienė, J., Meidutė-Kavaliauskienė, I., & Vileikis, K. (2016). Evaluation of factors determining the efficiency of knowledge sharing process in the Lithuanian National Defence System. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 7(4), 842-857. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-015-0257-4
Rousseau, D. M., et al. (1998). Not so different after all: a cross discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 393-404. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1998.926617
Rutkauskas, A. V., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Račinskaja, I. (2014). Integral knowledge, innovation and technology cluster formation nurturing the universal development sustainability in the context of globalization. Economics and Sociology, 7(4), 41-58. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2014/7-4/3
Saner, T., & Eyüpoğlu, Ş. Z. (2012). The age and job satisfaction relationship in higher education. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 55, 1020-1026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.593
Shockley-Zalabak, P. S., & Morreale, S. P. (2011). Building high-trust organizations. Leader to Leader, 2011(60), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/ltl.467
Skačkauskienė, I., Vilkaitė-Vaitonė, N., Raudeliūnienė, J., & Davidavičienė, V. (2016). A model for measuring passenger loyalty. Transport, 31(1), 100-107. https://doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2015.1094748
Sohail, M., & Daud, S. (2009). Knowledge sharing in higher education institutions perspectives from Malaysia. VINE, 39(2), 125-142. https://doi.org/10.1108/03055720910988841
Spector, P. E. (1997). Job satisfaction: application, assessment, causes, and consequences. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publication.
Stringer, C., Didham, J., & Theivananthampillai, P. (2011). Motivation, pay satisfaction, and job satisfaction of front-line employees. Qualitative Research in Accounting and Management, 8(2), 161-179. https://doi.org/10.1108/11766091111137564
Teh, P. (2012). Knowledge sharing, job attitudes and organisational citizenship behaviour. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 112(1). https://doi.org/10.1108/02635571211193644
Tekingündüz, S., Tengilimoğlu, M., & Karabulut, D. E. (2017). Effect of organisational trust, job satisfaction, individual variables on the organisational commitment in healthcare services. Total Quality Management and Business Excellence, 28(5-6), 522-541. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2015.1099428
Tietjen, M., & Myers, R. M. (1998). Motivation and job satisfaction motivation and job satisfaction. Management Decision, 36(4), 226-231. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251749810211027
Trivellas, P., & Dargenidou, D. (2009). Organisational culture, job satisfaction and higher education service quality. The TQM Journal, 21(4), 382-399. https://doi.org/10.1108/17542730910965083
Tsai, Y. (2011). Relationship between organizational culture, leadership behavior and job satisfaction. BMC health services research. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-11-98
Vanhala, M., & Ritala, P. (2016). HRM practices, impersonal trust and organizational innovativeness. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 31(1), 95-109. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-03-2013-0084
Wang, S., & Noe, R. A. (2010). Knowledge sharing: a review and directions for future research. Human Resource Management Review, 20(2), 115-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.10.001
Warr, P. (1990). The measurement of well-being and other aspects of mental health. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(3), 193-210. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1990.tb00521.x
Warr, P., Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1979). Scales for the measurement of some work attitudes and aspects of psychological well‐being. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 52(2), 129-148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1979.tb00448.x
Wickramasinghe, V., & Widyaratne, R. (2012). Effects of interpersonal trust, team leader support, rewards, and knowledge sharing mechanisms on knowledge sharing in project teams. Vine, 42(2), 214-236. https://doi.org/10.1108/03055721211227255
Zárraga, C., & Bonache, J. (2003). Assessing the team environment for knowledge sharing: an empirical analysis. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14(7), 1227-1245. https://doi.org/10.1080/0958519032000114282
Zikmund, G., Carr, J. C., Griffin, M., & Babin, B. J. (2013). Business research methods (9th ed.). New York: Cengage Learning.